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Types of Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders are diagnosed when anxiety or fear are chronic, persistent, and interfere with your daily routine. Treatments include medication and psychotherapy or talk therapy. First, see your physician to determine if there are any physical issues that could be causing your symptoms. A psychiatrist or other mental health specialist can determine the type of anxiety disorder that you suffer from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious every from time to time, and there can be legitimate reasons to worry about things like job responsibility, health, or money. If the anxiety becomes constant and takes over your life, it could be a more severe anxiety disorder referred to as generalized anxiety disorder. GAD is characterized by fear and anxiety that can impact the whole life of a person. They are prone to believe that everything is worst, and that small issues can escalate into major disasters. GAD can affect anyone, and it usually starts in childhood or adolescence however, it can also occur at any time. It is twice as prevalent for women and in those who are born female. GAD can trigger physical symptoms, such as stomachaches and headaches, and make it difficult to sleep. It can also hinder social and work-related activities, leading people to avoid friends or family, and contribute to the loss of self-esteem. People with severe and chronic GAD are more likely to be depressed However, treatment can help manage both disorders. While the exact cause of anxiety disorders is unknown however, they are related to genes and changes in brain structure, which affect the way your body responds to stress. Some experts believe that a lack of neurotransmitters in the brain may play a role as well. GAD is not curable, but it can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, is a variety of therapies that help you identify and modify unhealthy emotions, thoughts and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a kind of talk therapy that will help you to understand and control your thinking patterns that are unbalanced and lessen your anxiety by confronting them. Certain physical symptoms, such as dizziness or heart palpitations can be alleviated by medication. These include antidepressants and benzodiazepines along with medicines to treat seizures, like hydroxyzine. GAD is a difficult condition to recognize however, you should seek treatment if your worrying or other symptoms of the disorder are noticeable. Early treatment is more effective as it allows you to reduce the physical and mental symptoms before they become a major part of your life. Panic disorder This type of anxiety disorder is defined by repeated episodes of extreme terror and fear that peak within minutes (panic attacks). People with this disorder may also feel chest pain, shortness of breath or feeling like their heart beats or is flaring (“heart palpitations”). They frequently worry that their symptoms are signs of a heart attack. People suffering from panic disorder could be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, such as depression and other health issues like hyperthyroidism or asthma. The cause of anxiety disorders isn't well understood, but researchers believe that they are caused by a combination of factors. Some studies suggest that they could be related to malfunctioning circuits in the brain that regulate the emotions and fear. Other studies suggest that genetics and other life experiences, like traumatizing events in childhood, are the most common causes of anxiety disorders. A large majority of people suffering from an anxiety disorder have a first-degree family member with the condition. Anxiety disorders can cause people to feel anxious all the time even though they know that their fears aren't rational. This can cause problems in social situations, at work or at school. Additionally, some sufferers of anxiety disorders experience difficulty sleeping or eat well. They may also have tension in their muscles, irritability and trouble concentrating. A person with generalized anxious disorder may worry about a variety of everyday activities such as work responsibilities and family issues. They may also feel restless or easily fatigued, have trouble concentrating and frequently worry about their safety or that of others. There are effective treatments available for anxiety disorders. Treatments include psychotherapy, medicine and complementary health techniques. A mental health professional will help you determine the problem that is causing your symptoms, and suggest the best treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you discover how to manage your worries and reduce the amount of panic attacks that you suffer from. There are many types of psychotherapy, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response preventative. These therapies can be done individually or in groups. Social anxiety disorder While many people are anxious or shy in certain situations, social anxiety disorders cause such extreme fear, anxiety and avoidance of social interactions that it interferes with daily life routines. It usually starts in childhood, but can be present in the early years of adulthood. It usually manifests as anxiety about specific social situations, such as talking in class or going on dates, or it could be more generalized and involve avoidance of any situation that could cause being judged by others. While the person with SAD realizes that their fear is unfounded, they are unable to overcome it. They attempt to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them even more anxious. They might also develop “safety behavior” to to reduce their anxiety, like drinking alcohol, being quiet and not making eye contact. In addition to the psychological treatments, a few sufferers with SAD benefit from medications. These medications, known as antidepressants, may help balance the levels of some neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). If you or someone you know has social anxiety disorder, it's crucial to get treatment. The condition can be debilitating when left untreated, and could result in other mental health issues, such as depression and addiction to substances. If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts, contact 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK to 741741 to talk with an experienced crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders are highly treatable however, only 1 of 4 people who require treatment receive it. Barriers to getting treatment include ignorance that anxiety disorders are real, low investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is essential that your healthcare provider is aware of the various types of anxiety disorders, so that you can get the right diagnosis and treatment. If you're not sure if you have an anxiety disorder Ask your doctor to refer you to a mental health professional or utilize an online screening tool. Specific phobias A person with specific fear has a constant and a heightened fear of one or more things, situations, animals or even other people. The fear may be out of proportion to the danger of the object or circumstance, however they can cause significant anxiety and hinder the ability to function in everyday life. Contrary to other forms of anxiety disorders, specific phobias involve fear of one stimulus, rather than multiple stimuli. The target of the phobia could be anything, from heights to dogs or flying, injections to flying and areas that are crowded. This condition occurs worldwide and is more common in males than women, and is more likely to begin in childhood or early adolescence. People with specific phobias know their fears are unfounded however this does not diminish the intensity of their symptoms. Children with specific fears usually get over them. However in the event that the fear persists as an adult, it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on reported symptoms and their impact on daily function. They are able to rule out other conditions that can be similar, such as agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder prior to diagnosing the fear. In earlier editions of DSM, adult patients were required to recognize their fears that were irrational in the diagnostic process. However, the 2013 edition states that this requirement is no longer necessary for adults. There are two kinds of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavior therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy concentrates on altering the way people respond to their fears and helps them develop healthier ways to cope. Exposure-based treatment involves gradual and systematic exposure of the feared object or circumstance. Patients may begin by thinking about the object or situation, then move on to looking at images of the subject, taking steps towards it (such as walking by an elevator), holding a toy snake, going to a zoo for a look at real snakes, and finally riding in a crowded elevator. This type of therapy may not eliminate fear, but it can decrease the intensity. Other treatment options for specific phobias include medications, like antidepressants, anti-anxiety psychotherapy, as well as other medications. These treatments are generally considered to be effective for people with specific phobias.